to another; from one city to.another, from one. ~

‘Momlity,is, as we see here, the highly developedpattenl of

movement from one job to another, from one place ofteSidtftcc

to’

another. To the modernized individual, movinS .ust not,

only hold the promise of material reward and added ~, but in spite of cost and labour, it should be “exciting;’ The chance to meet new friends, the known but as yet untried amenities in the distant city, together with the exhilara~on of leaving behind the frustrations and jealousies of office,eUque and neighbourhood, help make moving more~han tolerable. Modernized men or women have few bonds that cannot be broken at the promise of a “promotion.” They llave been prepared for this from infancy.

The insecurity caused by role segmentation is coUlpounded by the fact that most urban relationships are highly anoDyttlous and impersonal and necessarily so. The moden;t city, is a society of strangers who in passing, brush against each other lightly. Most urban social relationships take plac;e ingrcSups’ or situations with which the individual has no deep or abiding ties. Understandably then, urban life is always threatened with anomie-a state of feeling lost, without secure human ties and without stable norms. The city is experienced as above all, a faceless crowd, potentially hostile, generally indifferent. This is the psychological dynamic of modem society.¹ This crucial result of modern life is certainly not conducive to human happiness as the mental hospitals,